Wikipedia: José Salvador Alvarenga is a Salvadoran man who became known after being found on 30 January 2014 in the Marshall Islands, and claimed to have spent 13 months at sea in a fishing boat in the Pacific Ocean.
John Keay, 'The Honourable Company/ A History of the English East India Company', 1993:
John Keay, 'The Honourable Company/ A History of the English East India Company', 1993:
"...After frantic preparations Lancaster sailed from
Woolwich with four ships in February 1601. The Red Dragon, his flagship, had
been bought from the Earl of Cumberland who was at this time the only titled
member of the Company. The vessel partook of his Lordship’s ‘quality’. She was
of 600 tons, had been built for privateering in the West Indies, and like most
subsequent ‘East Indiamen’ was as much warship as cargo carrier with
thirty-eight guns plus space, if not accommodation, for 200 men. To maintain her
complement at 200 Lancaster, mindful of past disasters, prescribed lemon juice
for all ranks. Three spoonfuls per man were administered every morning as they
sailed into the scurvy latitudesof the south Atlantic. The dosage seemed to
work. During the six months that it took to reach the Cape the men of the Red
Dragonremained in rude health..."
Felipe Fernández-Armesto:
"...Magellan's pioneering crossing, made diagonally between Chile and Guam, with the trade winds for most of the way, between 28 November 1520 and 6 March 1521. By the end of the journey the explorers were starving, champing painfully—they claimed—on the leather covers from the yards with jaws weakened by scurvy, drinking putrid water, and eating wormy biscuit "which stank strongly of rats' urine." The voyage exposed the intimidating vastness of a one-way ocean which could be crossed, at terrible hazard and cost, but not recrossed..."
('MILLENNIUM / A History of the Last Thousand Years', 1995)
William H. McNeill, 'PLAGUES AND PEOPLES', 1977/1998:
"...Indeed, even after a British naval surgeon, James
Lind, published the results of his carefully controlled experiments that proved
the efficacy of fresh lemons and oranges in curing scurvy (1753), the Admiralty
did not act. The reason was partly pecuniary: citrus fruit was expensive and
scarce and could not be stored for very long. Partly too, the naval authorities
believed other cures were suitable, e.g., the sauerkraut Captain James Cook fed
his crews in the Pacific. Moreover, when in 1795 the Admiralty did decide on
citrus juices as the best preventative for scurvy and prescribed a daily ration
for all sailors on shipboard, the result was imperfect..."
Once scurvy was a dreaded disease and also a funny thing.
Frances Wilson, 'Jokes of Old', ( review of Simon Dickie's 'Cruelty & Laughter: Forgotten Comic Literature and the Unsentimental Eighteenth Century'):
"...In fact, anything to do with hunchbacks, club feet, cleft palates, harelips, scurvy, jaundice, rickets, epilepsy, asthma, syphilis, deafness, blindness, squints, missing limbs, long chins or stammers was guaranteed to set the table a-roar..."
On August 5 2013, I wrote a post "Marathi Literature at Sea!...मराठी साहित्यात समुद्राच वास्तव किती सातत्याने दुर्लक्षित केलं आहे."
In February 2014, I read about the latest 'castaway' Mr. Alvarenga.
Not every one is convinced of his story. One of the reasons for skepticism: "it's hard to think how anybody could go more than six or seven months without getting scurvy at least."
I first read the word scurvy in my primary school and I took any interest in it because one got full marks if one knew its connection with Vitamin C.
Before I read any European literature or history, I knew only one sailor: Sindbad, and I never read about him or his fellow seamen getting any scurvy.
'Sindbad the Sailor and the old man of the sea'
Artist: Edmund Dulac (1882-1953)
(That old man in the Sindbad story scared bejesus out of me much before Narayan Dharap नारायण धारप came along. Does that old man represent scurvy?)
I was never told by our book or teacher that "Between 1500 and 1800, it has been estimated that scurvy killed at least two million sailors.": 25 times the then entire population of Miraj (मिरज)! If I was, I would have sat up and taken notice.
Is there is a word for scurvy in Marathi? (Is there in Tamil or Bengali?) I could not find it in Marathi.
Google Translate interprets it as "क्षुद्र, नीच, गचाळ, जीवनसत्वाच्या अभावाने उद्भवणारा एक प्रकारचा रक्तरोग"...hardly helps
One possible reason for English scurvy to remain Marathi scurvy- just like plague, flu, HIV/AIDS etc but unlike smallpox, cholera, syphilis, scabies, jaundice etc- is because we came to know of it via Europeans.
We were never at sea for that long!
Whoever he is, he is not Marathi (मराठी)!